One of the strangest galaxies within the neighborhood of the Milky Way has simply introduced astronomers with an interesting thriller.
It’s known as Centaurus A, and large jets of plasma capturing from its central supermassive black gap have slammed into one thing as they journey into intergalactic house.
What is the one thing? Astronomers do not know. They’ve known as it C4, and no matter sits at this location, it will be fascinating, as a result of no different collision within the jets of Centaurus A produces the identical V-shaped X-ray emission seen streaming from C4.
Centaurus A is what is called a peculiar galaxy, situated some 12 million light-years from the Milky Way. There are many traits that make it an oddball, together with an array of orbiting dwarf galaxies neatly organized across the galactic aircraft, an odd form with outstanding mud lanes, and a construction which may be the results of two galaxies colliding and merging.
It additionally has a really lively supermassive black gap and is bursting with star formation, one of many closest galaxies to us exhibiting each behaviors. The exercise of the black gap is so sturdy that jets of particles blasting from its polar areas punch into intergalactic house, creating big lobes of radio emission as they achieve this.
For this motive, Centaurus A is the topic of a lot scrutiny from Earth. And one of the detailed seems but on the black gap outflows in radio waves has revealed some unusual, never-before-seen options.
First, we should always most likely clarify how these outflows occur. When we describe a supermassive black gap as lively, that implies that it’s actively accreting matter from an enormous disk of fabric that swirls round it, like water happening a drain.
But not all of the swirling materials finally ends up falling past the occasion horizon. Scientists consider that a few of it’s diverted and accelerated alongside the magnetic subject strains across the exterior of the black holes to its poles, the place it’s launched into house with large power, creating jets of particles that attain, in some circumstances, thousands and thousands of light-years in size.
Because Centaurus A is so shut, it represents the most effective laboratories for learning these jets intimately. Astronomers deployed NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory to take the closest look but on the high-energy gentle created by Centaurus A’s jets, and that is once they found the peculiar V-shaped characteristic, converging on a shiny point-like supply of emission.
It’s as if the jet, because it travels by way of house at speeds near that of sunshine in a vacuum, has slammed into one thing and generated outflows, with every arm of the V measuring some 700 light-years.
It’s unclear what that one thing is. It may very well be an enormous star, or a knot of turbulence. Whatever it’s, the arms of the V may very well be created by an interplay between the jet and the item that blows materials away from the purpose supply. Because this materials can also be interacting with the jet, it, too, glows in X-rays.
Even on this mannequin, although, the V construction is difficult to clarify. One would count on that the outflows from the purpose supply can be aligned with the circulation of the jet, however that is solely true of one of many arms. The different seems at an indirect angle that’s troublesome to clarify. Especially since different collisions throughout the jets seem as radio blobs, with out outlined constructions just like the V of C4.
As but, now we have no solutions. It might take extra observations, throughout a variety of wavelengths, to determine what’s creating the unusual V-shape X-rays within the jets of Centaurus A. Given the probability that we will proceed looking at our bizarre neighbor, nevertheless, solutions are most likely solely a matter of time.
The analysis has been printed in The Astrophysical Journal.
